India among countries with highest maternal deaths in 2023, global progress slows
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India recorded 24,700 maternal deaths in 2023, placing it among countries with the highest burden, according to a global analysis published in The Lancet Obstetrics, Gynaecology, and Women's Health journal.
The study, led by researchers from the Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation at the University of Washington, along with global collaborators, assessed maternal mortality trends across 204 countries and territories as part of the Global Burden of Disease 2023 research.
Globally, there were 2.4 lakh maternal deaths in 2023, translating to a maternal mortality ratio of 190.5 deaths per one lakh live births. This marks a decline of more than one-third from 321 deaths per one lakh live births in 1990. However, progress has slowed in recent years and remains uneven across regions.
India was listed alongside countries in South Asia and sub-Saharan Africa with high maternal deaths. Pakistan recorded 10,300 maternal deaths in 2023, while Ethiopia and Nigeria reported 11,900 and 32,900 maternal deaths, respectively.
Despite long-term improvements, 104 out of 204 countries and territories have not yet achieved the Sustainable Development Goal target of reducing maternal mortality to below 70 deaths per one lakh live births.
The researchers found that leading causes of maternal deaths vary by location, but maternal haemorrhage and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy account for the largest share globally.
They said improved access to antenatal care, safe delivery services, emergency obstetric care, and post-partum follow-up could significantly reduce maternal mortality, especially in high-burden countries.
The study also noted that the COVID-19 pandemic temporarily increased maternal deaths during 2020 and 2021, particularly in regions with high COVID-19 mortality before widespread vaccination.
With less than five years remaining to meet global targets, the researchers called for renewed action, sustained investment, and stronger health systems to accelerate progress and improve monitoring of maternal health outcomes.