Excessive holiday drinking can severely harm gut health: expert

Excessive alcohol consumption during the festive season can seriously damage gut health, going far beyond a temporary hangover.

While social drinking is common during year-end celebrations, heavy intake can disrupt the digestive system and trigger a range of short and long-term health problems.

Alcohol irritates the lining of the digestive tract, beginning in the mouth and extending through the oesophagus, stomach, and intestines. It damages protective mucosal layers, disrupts beneficial bacteria, and increases inflammation. This can lead to acidity, bloating, diarrhoea, acid reflux, and abdominal pain. Repeated exposure may also raise the risk of oesophagitis and certain cancers.

In the stomach, alcohol alters acid production and can cause gastritis, ulcers, and internal bleeding. Even a single episode of binge drinking can injure the stomach lining, especially when combined with painkillers such as ibuprofen. In the intestines, alcohol disrupts the gut microbiome, weakens the intestinal barrier, and allows toxins to enter the bloodstream, increasing inflammation and the risk of bowel diseases.

Alcohol also affects vital organs. The liver, which processes alcohol, can suffer inflammation, fatty liver disease, or even hepatitis after heavy intake. The pancreas may develop acute or chronic inflammation, while the gallbladder can also be affected. Dehydration caused by alcohol further worsens digestive distress and contributes to fatigue and low mood.

Doctors warn that festive habits such as late nights, rich food, and mixing different drinks place additional strain on the gut. While avoiding alcohol is the safest option, moderation, proper hydration, eating before drinking, and avoiding sugary mixers can reduce harm.

Persistent symptoms such as severe abdominal pain, vomiting, blood in stools, or jaundice require immediate medical attention. Experts stress that mindful consumption is key to protecting gut health during the holiday season.