Probiotics in pregnancy may shield against toxic chemical exposures

New York: Probiotic supplementation during pregnancy may help mitigate the harmful effects of polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) common flame-retardant chemicals linked to developmental, behavioral, and metabolic disruptions, according to a study by the University of California, Riverside. The findings were published in the Archives of Toxicology.

PBDEs, widely used in upholstery, carpets, curtains, electronics, and infant products, are pervasive pollutants found in water, soil, air, food, human tissues, and even breast milk. Known to persist in the environment and disrupt hormones, these chemicals have been associated with serious health concerns.

The study revealed that exposure to PBDEs during the perinatal period caused autism-like behaviors and metabolic syndrome in mice. It also disrupted the gut microbiome, a critical factor for brain and metabolic health.

“Our research shows that supplementing the maternal diet with the probiotic 'Limosilactobacillus reuteri' can help prevent these negative effects,” said Dr. Margarita C. Curras-Collazo, professor of neuroscience and lead author of the study.

Commonly found in fermented foods such as kimchi, sauerkraut, miso, and yogurt, 'L. reuteri' (LR) produces lactic acid and plays a significant role in gut health. The study involved exposing pregnant and breastfeeding mice to PBDE mixtures over a 10-week period to simulate human exposure. Some mice were also supplemented with LR. Researchers observed developmental milestones and adult behaviors in their offspring.

Male offspring exposed to PBDEs showed delayed body weight gain and abnormal timing in tooth eruption. However, probiotic supplementation reversed these effects.

“To our surprise, LR treatment prevented delays in male weight gain and normalized the timing of tooth eruption in both sexes,” said Elena Kozlova, a doctoral student and co-author of the study.

Dr. Curras-Collazo emphasized that gut microbiota-focused therapies during pregnancy may offer protection against developmental and adult diseases caused by toxic exposures. The study highlights the potential of probiotics as a preventative measure for at-risk populations, offering an accessible approach to countering the adverse effects of environmental pollutants.

With IANS inputs