A 2022 expedition in Peru's Amazon led to the discovery of 27 new species, including an intriguing "amphibious mouse" with partially webbed feet that feeds on aquatic insects.
The findings, announced by Conservation International, also include a spiny mouse, a dwarf squirrel, eight fish species, three amphibians, and 10 types of butterflies.
The expedition was conducted in the Alto Mayo region, a protected area known for its rich biodiversity and home to several ecosystems, Indigenous communities, and villages. Trond Larsen, head of Conservation International's Rapid Assessment Program, emphasized the significance of uncovering so many new species in a region influenced by human activity.
Among the standout discoveries is a dwarf squirrel measuring just 14 centimeters, which Larsen described as "adorable" with its chestnut-brown fur and remarkable agility. Another notable find is the blob-headed armored catfish, which adds to the area's diverse aquatic life.
In addition to the confirmed new species, the team identified 48 potential new species that require further study. Over the 38-day expedition, scientists recorded 2,046 species using camera traps, bioacoustic sensors, and DNA sampling. Among these, 49 are classified as threatened, including the yellow-tailed woolly monkey and the tree monkey.
The research team, consisting of 13 scientists, local technicians, and members of the Awajun Indigenous group, credited traditional ecological knowledge for enriching their findings. Larsen praised the Awajun people's deep understanding of the forests and wildlife they coexist with.
Larsen underscored the importance of protecting Alto Mayo’s unique biodiversity, warning that without proactive conservation and restoration efforts, many of these newly discovered species may face extinction.
"These findings highlight the urgency of safeguarding such landscapes to ensure the survival of these incredible species for future generations," he said.