The United Arab Emirates has enacted Federal Decree-Law No. 34 of 2024, introducing a comprehensive framework for managing penal and correctional establishments. The law, which takes effect in April 2025, outlines AI’s role in monitoring inmates and optimizing operations, according to the Saudi Press Agency.
Under the decree, artificial intelligence may be used to monitor inmate behaviour, assess health and psychological conditions and predict intentions, provided it complies with strict regulations. The law also categorizes penal institutions into separate facilities for men and women, ensuring specialized care for pregnant inmates and those with disabilities, as well as tailored rehabilitation programs.
Inmates are entitled to fundamental rights, including protection from torture, access to legal documents and the ability to submit grievances or petitions. Educational opportunities will also be provided, allowing inmates to pursue studies and take examinations either in person or remotely.
Special provisions address pregnant inmates, exempting them from work and ensuring appropriate medical care during and after childbirth. Birth certificates for children born in custody will not disclose their place of birth to preserve their privacy.
The decree emphasizes disciplinary measures, conditional release criteria and penalties for introducing prohibited items into prisons. Exceptional leave and transitional employment opportunities will also be granted under specific conditions to aid rehabilitation.
The law reflects the UAE’s commitment to modernizing its correctional system and integrating technology while safeguarding human rights and dignity. It aligns with broader efforts to enhance efficiency, security and fairness in penal administration.