Acne is no longer just a teenage concern. Dermatologists say adult acne is becoming increasingly common, affecting men and women alike, often long after adolescence.
Yet myths about its causes — from diet to makeup — continue to mislead people.
Adult-onset acne typically appears after age 25 and can affect all skin types, including dry skin.
Contrary to popular belief, it isn’t always linked to poor skincare or eating habits. While certain foods like sugar and dairy may aggravate breakouts, they are not the root cause. Similarly, makeup products don’t directly cause acne unless they’re not removed properly or are formulated with pore-clogging ingredients.
The primary trigger, experts explain, is hormonal fluctuation.
Changes in androgen levels — hormones present in both men and women — can overstimulate oil glands, clog pores, and feed acne-causing bacteria. This imbalance often surfaces during menstrual cycles, pregnancy, postpartum periods, or perimenopause.
Stress further compounds the issue by elevating cortisol, which in turn boosts androgen activity.
Other contributors include genetics, poor sleep, certain medications, and skincare products that clog pores. Even individuals who never experienced acne as teenagers can develop it later in life when hormonal or environmental conditions shift.
While diet can influence skin health, it plays a secondary role. High-glycemic foods such as white bread and sugary drinks, along with excessive dairy intake, may increase insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) levels, leading to higher sebum production and inflammation. However, research shows this connection is modest.
Dermatologists recommend focusing on skincare habits rather than dietary elimination. Using non-comedogenic, fragrance-free products, double-cleansing at night, and maintaining a simple routine with proven actives like salicylic acid or niacinamide can help control breakouts.
Stress management, adequate sleep, and avoiding the urge to pick at pimples also play key roles in preventing flare-ups.
Untreated acne, particularly in teenagers, can lead to permanent scarring and pigmentation while also affecting self-esteem. Early and consistent treatment — including topical retinoids, benzoyl peroxide, or oral medications for severe cases — can prevent long-term damage.
For adults, treatment plans often combine prescription retinoids with hormonal therapy.
Ultimately, dermatologists agree: acne, whether in adolescence or adulthood, is a medical condition that deserves treatment and understanding — not myths or stigma.