New Delhi: Recent research shows that Delhi is the most polluted city in the world, and its citizens stand to lose 11.9 years of life if the pollution levels continue to be as high as they are.
According to the Air Quality Life Index (AQLI) published by the Energy Policy Institute at the University of Chicago, all 1.3 billion residents of India live in locations with annual average particle pollution levels that are higher than the 5 g/m3 WHO standard.
It also found that 67.4 per cent of the country's population lives in areas that exceed the country's own national air quality standard of 40 μg/m3.
The study said fine particulate air pollution (PM2.5) shortens an average Indian's life expectancy by 5.3 years, relative to what it would be if the 5 μg/m3 pollution limit of by (WHO) was met.
The AQLI said that Delhi is the most polluted city in the world, with its 18 million residents on track to lose 11.9 years of life expectancy on average relative to the WHO limit and 8.5 years relative to the national guideline if the current pollution levels persist.
"Even in the least polluted district in the region—Pathankot in Punjab—particulate pollution is more than seven times the WHO limit, taking 3.1 years off life expectancy if current levels persist," it said.
Though particulate pollution in the northern plains is exacerbated by geologic and meteorological factors, the AQLI's dust and sea salt-removed PM 2.5 data imply that human activity plays a key role in generating severe particulate pollution.
That is likely because the region's population density is nearly three times that of the rest of the country, meaning more pollution from vehicular, residential, and agricultural sources, the study said.
"Three-quarters of air pollution's impact on global life expectancy occurs in just six countries—Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, China, Nigeria, and Indonesia—where people lose one to more than six years of their lives because of the air they breathe," said Michael Greenstone, the Milton Friedman Distinguished Service Professor in Economics and creator of AQLI.
With PTI inputs